Over the past month or so my thoughts have returned to good 'ol market anarchist theory. I've come up with some problems I think I have with what many people seem to accept as irrefutable, commonsense truth. They may or may not be valid, and I fully expect to be flamed. If I'm not, I'll actually be disappointed. Here we go!
The "ideal" of putting law on the market.
Market anarchists are thrilled by the idea of putting law on the market. It is thought that by doing so, the only "law" that will be enforced is the NAP. But it's obvious that even the most optimistic market anarchist must concede the the laws that are enforced will be at the whim of its consumers. Look around you. See all those dumbasses walking around? They're consumers. If you live in Iran, I'm pretty sure those PDAs will be stoning Jews and requiring that women be modest. Will there be more of a tendency towards liberty? Of course. But that doesn't insure anything. The liberty minded proponents of the US Constitution figured that it would ensure liberty, because the people would not tolerate it being violated. Wankers.
Then you have Bob Murphy's land of insurance company tyranny, which makes me want to vomit. It includes gun control and other oppressive regulations. You know what the bad part is? His logic makes sense. Think of what a pain in the ass it is to deal with insurance companies now. Just imagine the hellish conditions of a land where they are king. Everyone's going to be drowning in paperwork.
Problems of geography, population, and the cost of defense.
When many people discuss all these PDAs running around, they often don't consider basic geography. In market anarchy we seem to not only be unshackled from the state, but inconveniences like space and time.
Consider a man living in Los Angeles. He can't suscribe to just any PDA, only one that can actually enforce the law in his area. This limits his options severely. Defense isn't like a soft drink, you can't produce it in China and have it shipped everywhere in the world. Now, how many options will he have? I'm not really of even a ballpark figure of how much a PDA might cost. Somebody should figure that out. If it's very high, the concept is in trouble. The situation gets more difficult if you end up in an area with a much smaller, spread-out population. Such an area might not be able to afford a PDA at all. Which you might agree is actually a good thing, after you read the next section.
The protection rackets collude.
"Private Defense Agency" is a clunky euphemism for what is nothing more than a gang promising you protection. Perhaps it's one exposed to market forces, but can these really solve every problem? Perhaps they will even create negative results? They certainly seem to have, because we've got powerful states sewing chaos just about everywhere. These muscular, powerful PDAs are going to want customers. My first prediction is that they would make subscription to a PDA compulsory if you want to actually be considered in the private courts of law. Remember who these courts are ultimately beholden to: the gangs, and their customers. To prevent me from telling them to fuck off and saying I'm a subscriber to "Paul Charnetzki Defense Inc." they'd probably write themselves up a list of "approved" PDAs. This would broaden their customer base, and the stronger PDAs could use the list to limit competition. If smaller PDAs and individuals resisted they would be shot, with the sign off of these excellent market courts. Here we are on the road back to the state.
Collectivism and ideology.
Market anarchists also like to ignore the role of collectivism and ideology in the world. Everyone is a collectivist, and has their own views, which are shaped by their upbringing, personal thoughts, whatever. They are not numbers but individuals which may suscribe to a wide variety of viewpoints. Though anarchists reject the state, I doubt many of them are pure individualists who don't identify with anything larger than themselves. Perhaps you're a fan of a sports team, identify with your race or nationality, or are proud of your home town. Perhaps your collective identity of choice is anarchists themselves. Anarchists love collectivist thinking when the state is involved, just check out this thread.
Perhaps we could assume that if market anarchy came in to existence, a large majority of the population would agree with anarchist views. But this would hardly remain static forever. People are going to come up with religions and philosophies to follow. This will surely affect PDAs in that it might lead to war. There is nothing to stop PDAs from cheerfully participating in ethnic cleansings, collectization of industry, etc. If one group gets very large and powerful, there's no reason for them not to decide to wipe everybody else off the map. Collectivist attitudes also lead people to want a single authority for their particular group. Imagine the Catholics instituting competing Churches in order to insure the best service and adherence to doctrine.
Even if all these criticisms are valid, I'm not sure that it totally destroys market anarchism. The chief goal of market anarchism is to create a system in which it is extremely difficult for a state to take power. Some of my criticisms were aimed at the viability or desirability of PDAs as they are usually conceived. It is possible that I am just attacking an extremely poor business plan that will never be carried out. Ultimately, we cannot know what will happen until we come face to face with it in the real world. This is what makes countries like Somalia so interesting.
However, I do think that the role of ideology and an impulse towards a collective identity cannot be ignored. I think that market anarchism would be more likely to take the shape of the "philes" in Neal Stephensons novel The Diamond Age: a world of autonomous city states that are less tied to a specific piece of geography, and all agree to a certain code of conduct which would be similar to the NAP. Many would have an ethnic, political, philosophical identity, or may be devoid of any ideology except simple protection. Secondly, I think that market anarchists tend to just dash off dogma to present a more rosy picture of what they're proposing than actually makes logical sense. The state has been the status quo for quite some time, and the burden of proof is far, far shifted towards anarchists.